Understanding the Different Types of Shoulder Arthritis

Shoulder arthritis is a condition that affects millions of people worldwide, significantly impacting their quality of life. If you've been experiencing shoulder pain, stiffness, or limited mobility, understanding the cause of these symptoms is a critical first step in finding relief. Shoulder arthritis comes in several forms, each affecting the joint in unique ways. This comprehensive guide will discuss the different types of shoulder arthritis, their symptoms, potential treatments, and when to seek specialized care from an orthopedic surgeon in Deland, FL.

For those in the Deland, FL area, expert help is readily available. If you're experiencing shoulder discomfort and suspect arthritis may be the cause, the team at Central Florida Bone & Joint Institute is here to guide you on your path to recovery.
 

What is Shoulder Arthritis?

Shoulder arthritis refers to inflammation of one or both of the shoulder's joints, causing pain, stiffness, and loss of movement. The shoulder comprises two joints:

• Glenohumeral joint – This is the main ball-and-socket joint where the humerus (upper arm bone) meets the scapula (shoulder blade).
• Acromioclavicular (AC) joint – This joint connects the clavicle (collarbone) to the acromion, which is part of the scapula.

When arthritis develops in these joints, it disrupts their normal function, leading to discomfort and a reduced range of motion.
 

The Different Types of Shoulder Arthritis

There are several types of shoulder arthritis, and understanding their differences can help you recognize the potential cause of your symptoms.

1. Osteoarthritis (OA) of the Shoulder

Osteoarthritis is often referred to as "wear-and-tear" arthritis. It occurs when the cartilage that cushions the bones in the joint breaks down over time. This results in bones rubbing against each other, causing pain, stiffness, swelling, and a grinding sensation.

Who It Affects:

Osteoarthritis of the shoulder is more common in older adults and often develops in people with a history of shoulder injuries or repetitive motion activities (e.g., athletes or manual laborers).

Treatment Options:

• Non-surgical treatments like pain management, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medications.
• Corticosteroid injections for temporary relief.
• Severe cases may require surgical options, such as shoulder replacement or arthroscopic cleaning of the joint.

2. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the joint lining, leading to inflammation, pain, and joint deterioration over time.

Who It Affects:

Rheumatoid arthritis can affect individuals at any age, though it’s more prominent in middle-aged women. Unlike osteoarthritis, RA often affects multiple joints symmetrically.

Treatment Options:

• Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) to slow disease progression.
• Biologics prescribed by a rheumatologist.
• Joint replacement may be necessary in advanced cases.

3. Post-Traumatic Arthritis

Post-traumatic arthritis develops after a significant injury to the shoulder, such as fractures, dislocations, or ligament tears. These events can accelerate cartilage wear and lead to arthritis over time.

Who It Affects:

This type of arthritis can affect anyone who has suffered a traumatic shoulder injury, regardless of age.

Treatment Options:

• Initial treatment includes physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and activity modification.
• Advanced cases may involve surgical intervention, such as joint resurfacing or total shoulder replacement.

4. Avascular Necrosis (Osteonecrosis)

This condition occurs when blood supply to the shoulder joint is disrupted, leading to bone tissue death and subsequent arthritis. Common causes are excessive alcohol use, steroid use, and trauma.

Who It Affects:

Avascular necrosis can affect individuals with a history of specific risk factors or shoulder injuries.

Treatment Options:

• Early stages involve lifestyle changes and medication to improve blood flow.
• Advanced cases may require joint-preserving surgeries or total shoulder replacement.

5. Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy

This type of arthritis develops as a result of chronic, untreated rotator cuff tears, leading to joint instability and the breakdown of cartilage.

Who It Affects:

It primarily affects older individuals who have ignored or inadequately treated rotator cuff injuries.

Treatment Options:

• Shoulder injections and physical therapy can alleviate symptoms.
• Reverse total shoulder replacement is often performed when the condition severely compromises shoulder function.
   

Common Symptoms of Shoulder Arthritis

Although specific symptoms may vary depending on the type of arthritis, common indicators include:

• Persistent pain, particularly when lifting or moving the arm.
• Stiffness in the shoulder joint.
• A grinding or clicking sensation during shoulder movement.
• Swelling or tenderness around the joint.
• Difficulty performing everyday tasks like reaching overhead or getting dressed.

If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, seeking early intervention can make a world of difference in managing your condition and preventing further damage.
 

Diagnosing Shoulder Arthritis

An accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. An orthopedic surgeon will likely perform the following steps to diagnose your condition:

1. Medical History – Questions about your symptoms, injuries, and family history.
2. Physical Examination – Testing for pain, range of motion, and joint stability.
3. Imaging Tests – X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans to visualize the extent of joint damage.
4. Laboratory Tests – Blood tests to rule out rheumatoid arthritis or other autoimmune conditions.
    

Treatment Options for Shoulder Arthritis

Depending on the severity of your symptoms and the type of arthritis, treatment plans may include:

Non-Surgical Options:

• Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, anti-inflammatories, or prescription drugs for autoimmune conditions.
• Physical Therapy: Exercises to improve flexibility, strength, and range of motion.
• Hot and Cold Therapy: Ice packs to reduce inflammation or heat pads to relax stiff joints.
• Lifestyle Changes: Eliminating activities that worsen your pain and maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on your joints.

Surgical Options:

For advanced cases where non-surgical treatments fail, surgery may be recommended:

• Arthroscopy: Minimally invasive surgery to clean out damaged tissue.
• Shoulder Joint Replacement: A procedure to replace the damaged joint with an artificial implant, suitable for severe arthritis cases.
   

When to Consult an Orthopedic Surgeon

If your shoulder pain persists despite at-home treatments or significantly impacts your ability to perform daily activities, it’s time to seek professional help. Orthopedic surgeons specialize in diagnosing and treating these conditions using advanced, evidence-based techniques tailored to your specific needs.

For residents of Deland, FL, Central Florida Bone & Joint Institute offers expert care and state-of-the-art treatments for shoulder arthritis. With a dedicated team of professionals, you can trust that your health and mobility are in good hands.
 

Wrapping It Up

Understanding the different types of shoulder arthritis is essential in effectively managing your symptoms. Whether it's osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis, early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve your quality of life.

If you're looking for compassionate care and expert solutions, contact Central Florida Bone & Joint Institute today. Our experienced orthopedic surgeons in Deland, FL, are here to help you regain mobility and get back to doing the activities you love.

Start your recovery today—schedule your consultation now!