Types of Meniscus Injuries and How They Are Treated

Types of Meniscus Injuries and How They Are Treated

Types of Meniscus Injuries and How They Are Treated


The knee is one of the most complex joints in the human body, responsible for bearing weight and enabling movement. At its center lies the meniscus, a C-shaped piece of cartilage that acts as a crucial shock absorber between your thighbone and shinbone. However, due to its pivotal role in supporting movement, the meniscus is highly susceptible to injuries.

If you’re dealing with symptoms of a torn or damaged meniscus, it’s important to understand the types of meniscus injuries, their symptoms, and possible treatments. And for those in need of expert care, our team at Central Florida Bone & Joint Institute offers unparalleled expertise in knee injury management. Our clinic is home to a highly skilled orthopedic surgeon in Altamonte Springs, FL, who can help you regain mobility and get back to a pain-free lifestyle.
 

What is the Meniscus and Why is it Important?

The meniscus is essential to knee health. Each knee has two menisci—one on the inner side (medial meniscus) and one on the outer side (lateral meniscus). These cartilage pads reduce friction during movement, assist in stabilizing the knee joint, and protect the bones from wear and tear over time. Without healthy menisci, your knee becomes more vulnerable to arthritis and other degenerative conditions.
 

Common Types of Meniscus Injuries

Meniscus injuries are often caused by sudden twisting movements or excessive force on the knee joint, making them common among athletes, manual laborers, and older adults with degenerative joint conditions. Below are the most common types of meniscus injuries you should know about.

1. Torn Meniscus

A torn meniscus is the most common type of meniscus injury. It often occurs during sports or physical activities that require sudden pivots, turns, or squats. There are various types of meniscus tears, categorized by their shape and location, including:

  • Radial Tear: A tear that runs perpendicular to the curve of the meniscus.
  • Horizontal Tear: A tear that extends along the inner layer of cartilage.
  • Bucket Handle Tear: A large tear that causes a portion of the meniscus to flip over and become "caught" in the knee joint.
  • Flap Tear: A piece of cartilage becomes detached and interferes with joint motion.

Symptoms of a Torn Meniscus

  • Intense pain in the knee joint.
  • Swelling and stiffness.
  • Difficulty straightening or bending the knee.
  • A clicking or locking sensation in the knee.
     

2. Degenerative Meniscus Injury

This type of meniscus injury is most common in older adults due to normal wear and tear on the cartilage over time. Chronic diseases like osteoarthritis can weaken the meniscus, making it more prone to thinning and tears. Unlike tears caused by trauma, degenerative tears often develop gradually and may not be immediately painful but worsen over time.

Symptoms of Degenerative Meniscus Injury

  • A dull, persistent knee pain.
  • Limited range of motion in the knee.
  • Increased joint pain after sitting or standing for long periods.
     

3. Discoid Meniscus

A discoid meniscus is a congenital condition where the meniscus is thicker and shaped irregularly (like a disc instead of a crescent). This unusual anatomy makes the meniscus less stable and more prone to tearing. Though less common, this condition can manifest in early childhood or adolescence, often requiring specialized care.

Symptoms of Discoid Meniscus

  • Popping or snapping noises when the knee moves.
  • Episodes of the knee locking or giving way.
     

Diagnosis of Meniscus Injuries

Diagnosing a meniscus injury involves a thorough assessment by an orthopedic surgeon in Altamonte Springs, FL, or a qualified specialist. This typically includes:

  • Physical Examination: Your doctor will check for pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the knee.
  • Imaging Tests: An MRI is often used to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity and type of tear.
     

Common Treatments for Meniscus Injuries

The appropriate treatment for a meniscus injury depends on the type and severity of the injury and the patient’s lifestyle and goals.

1. Conservative Management

For mild meniscal injuries, a non-surgical approach is often recommended. This includes:

  • Rest and avoiding activities that place strain on the knee.
  • Ice Therapy to reduce swelling and pain.
  • Physical Therapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles and support joint stability.
  • Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication to alleviate pain.

2. Arthroscopic Surgery

For severe or persistent tears, minimally invasive arthroscopic surgery may be necessary. This procedure allows your orthopedic surgeon to repair, trim, or remove damaged portions of the meniscus. Arthroscopic surgery typically offers a quicker recovery time and less post-operative discomfort than traditional open surgery.

3. Meniscus Transplant

For individuals with a significant loss of meniscus tissue, a meniscus transplant may be considered. This involves replacing the damaged meniscus with donor tissue. However, this is often reserved for younger patients or those experiencing chronic knee instability.
 

The Importance of Early Treatment

Failing to address a meniscus injury can lead to long-term damage and complications, including chronic pain, joint instability, and the development of knee osteoarthritis. Early intervention is key to preserving mobility and avoiding permanent damage to the knee joint.
 

Why Choose Central Florida Bone & Joint Institute?

If you’re experiencing knee pain or suspect a meniscus injury, the orthopedic surgeon in Altamonte Springs, FL, at Central Florida Bone & Joint Institute has the solutions you need. Our team offers:

  • Comprehensive Care for all types of meniscus injuries, from initial diagnosis to rehabilitation.
  • Advanced Surgical Techniques to ensure quick recovery and long-lasting results.
  • Patient-Centered Treatment Plans tailored to your unique needs and lifestyle.

Thousands of patients trust us each year for world-class orthopedic care, and we’re ready to help you too.
 

Bringing You Back to Doing What You Love

The knee is more than just a joint—it’s essential for enjoying life’s most cherished activities, from playing sports to hiking or even everyday tasks like walking and bending. At Central Florida Bone & Joint Institute, we’re committed to ensuring your knee health and mobility.

If knee pain has been holding you back, take the first step toward recovery. Visit us for a consultation and experience why we are the trusted choice for an orthopedic surgeon in Altamonte Springs, FL.